A camera lens hood is a cylindrical plastic piece, rubber, or metal that fixes over your lens to prevent light from shining straight into it. The hood may screw onto the front of the lens or some hoods are linked to the lens and can slide out like a sleeve.
When I first got my DSLR camera I had no idea what a lens hood was. I bought my camera used from a friend. It had 2 lenses. One of the lenses had a hood. I never used the lens hood in the beginning. Yes, I had a film SLR camera when I was younger and I should have known what a camera lens hood was, but I never used one hood then either. Eventually I decided to use the hood to see if it made a difference and it did. Now I use my camera lens hood regularly.
Hoods can come in many different shapes and lengths. They're generally cylindrical, but they can also be square. The edge of the hood can be straight or flowered. Flowering of the edge should help prevent vignetting when the hood is on correctly. Hoods are made for each kind of lens. Be sure you use the hood that was designed to be used with your lens. If you use another hood you could get difficulties, like vignetting.
Digital Photography Principles - Enhance Your Photographs
Lens hoods reduce the shapes and streaks of color that bright light might cause in your picture known as lens flare. But that is not the only thing a hood may do.
Using a lens can also help make the colors in your photographs look richer. It helps stop you from getting blown out pictures.
If you wish to use flare as a creative effect in your picture you won't use a hood, obviously.
Digital Photography Principles - Save Your Lens
As the hood stands apart from the front of the lens the way it does it can aid protect your lens from damage. That isn't the objective of a hood, but it can work as additional protection to prevent things in contact with the glass at the front of the lens.
It can also protect your lens from getting water or dust on the front element.
Digital Photography Basic principles - Possible Troubles with Lens Hoods
Sometimes hoods may cause troubles with your pictures. If your hood is too large it may block your camera's built-in flash. If that's happening you'll notice that your photograph is darker at the bottom.
Often you may notice vignetting if you use a particular lens hood. This all depends upon the lens your using and the size of hood. Lenses with a wider field of view can't use longer hoods. If you use a hood made for the specific lens your using, you would not have this problem.
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